Data is fundamental to the modern world. From economic development, to healthcare, to education and public policy, we rely on numbers to allocate resources and make crucial decisions. But because so much data fails to take into account gender, because it treats men as the default and women as atypical, bias and discrimination are baked into our systems. And women pay tremendous costs for this bias, in time, money, and often with their lives. Celebrated feminist advocate Caroline Criado Perez investigates the shocking root cause of gender inequality and research in Invisible Women, diving into women's lives at home, the workplace, the public square, the doctor's office, and more. Built on hundreds of studies in the US, the UK, and around the world, and written with energy, wit, and sparkling intelligence, this is a groundbreaking, unforgettable exposé that will change the way you look at the world.
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Groundbreaking non-fiction works addressing gender inequality and systemic data gaps have transformed contemporary public policy, urban planning, and economic design. Feminist writer, journalist, and campaigner Caroline Criado Perez has emerged as a leading voice in evidence-based activism by translating complex empirical research into clear social critique. Her best-selling investigation, Invisible Women: Data Bias in a World Designed for Men, brought widespread global attention to how male-default data collection harms women in everyday life.
Born in 1984, Criado Perez studied English language and literature at the University of Oxford before studying behavioral and feminist economics at the London School of Economics. She established her profile through national public campaigns in the United Kingdom aimed at increasing female representation in media and civic life. She founded The Women's Room project to boost female expert participation in journalism, successfully campaigned for Jane Austen's inclusion on the British ten-pound banknote, and spearheaded the effort to erect the first statue of a woman in Parliament Square. Her activist efforts against online harassment also led major social media platforms to reform their abuse reporting systems.
Criado Perez's campaigning and investigative writing have earned extensive international recognition. She was named an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2015 Queen's Birthday Honours and was awarded the Liberty Human Rights Campaigner of the Year award. Her global impact on gender equity was further recognized with Finland's Hän Honour in 2020 and the inaugural Unwin Award in 2025. She also holds honorary doctorates from the University of Lincoln, the University of Westminster, and The Open University.
Criado Perez's writing combines rigorous analytical research with accessible prose, translating economic data, medical studies, and policy reports into clear real-world narratives. Drawing on her academic background in literature and economics, her work investigates structural biases in tech algorithms, workplace safety regulations, healthcare clinical trials, and municipal services. A recurring theme across her work is how treating the male body and experience as the universal baseline creates systemic blind spots that endanger women's health, safety, and economic security.
